One of the most important factors that determines how your new twist carpet
will perform is its construction. Carpet construction consist of the fibre, the
backing, the latex used to hold the backings together, density of pile, pile
height, twist level of the fibre, shearing or finishing and treatments for stain
resistance.
BACKINGS
Twist carpets are tufted or punched through one backing with a series of
needles. The backing that you see is the secondary backing used to "sandwich"
the fibre between the primary and secondary backing using a latex glue.
PILE HEIGHT AND DENSITY
When shopping for twist carpet you will hear terms like face weight, density and
twist. These are the three things that determine the construction of the
carpet's surface. First of all face weight is just the amount of fibre on the
surface of the carpet expressed in ounces per square yard. This number is not to
be confused with "total weight" which refers to the face weight PLUS the weight
of the latex and the two backings.
The term density is simply what the name implies. The closer together the
strands of the fibre are together at the base of the carpet, the more dense the
carpet. Density is important because it effects how the twist carpet is going to
look and perform. If one were to make a carpet less dense, then the amount of
yarn and its twist level would have to increase in order to achieve the same
level of performance.
Twist level is the amount of twist that two plies (or more) of fibre are given.
You can sometimes count the twists by examining the face of the twist carpet
carefully. The more twist in the fibre, the less dense the carpet has to be, and
it can even have less fibre. A twist level of six twists per inch is a good
starting point. This means in a inch of a two ply fibre there would be six turns
or twist that you could count.
There is an old saying in the carpet business. "The shorter, the tighter the
twist, the denser, the better the carpet."
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